Lesson 5: SENTENCE (সেনটেনস) বাক্য 📝

When several letters are arranged to convey a specific complete meaning, it is called a Word. If a group of words are arranged together to convey a complete meaning, then that group of words is called a Sentence (সেনটেনস) or বাক্য (sentence).

(If several words are arranged consecutively but all of them together do not convey a complete meaning, then it is not a Sentence or বাক্য.)

---

💡 Examples:

1. This is a cow. 🐄
2. We are students. 🧑‍🎓

Here, two complete sentences are given. If it were written as— (i) This a cow is or (ii) Students are we, then even though there are meaningful words, the groups of words cannot collectively convey a specific meaning. Therefore, these are not Sentences.

---

📌 Definition: A Sentence is a group of words which gives us a complete meaning.

Several words sitting side by side, when able to express a thought completely, are then called a Sentence or বাক্য.

---

✨ মনে রাখতে হবে (Things to Remember):

• A Sentence is formed when one or more words sit side by side and convey a complete meaning. 🗣️
• No Sentence can be formed without a Verb (ক্রিয়াপদ). 🔗
• The first letter of every Sentence must be a Capital letter. 🅰️
• Every Sentence ends with a . (Full Stop) or দাঁড়ি (Bengali full stop). Additionally, a ? (Question Mark বা প্রশ্নচিহ্ন) or an ! (Exclamation Mark বা বিস্ময়সূচক চিহ্ন) may be used where appropriate. .!?
• Every Sentence will have at least one Nominative (কর্তা - Subject), one Verb (ক্রিয়া), and one Object (কর্ম). 🛠️

---

📝 SENTENCE

💡 কিছু উদাহরণ লক্ষ করো : (Look at some examples:)

Nominaive (কর্তা)	Verb (ক্রিয়া)	Object (কর্ম)	Sentence (বাক্য)
I	eat	bread.	I eat bread. আমি রুটি খাই।
We	play	football.	We play football. আমরা ফুটবল খেলি।
They	eat	fish.	They eat fish. তারা মাছ খায়।
She	reads	a book.	She reads a book. সে বই পড়ে।
He	goes	home.	He goes home. সে বাড়ি যায়।

---

❌ Sentence (বাক্য) নয় (Not a Sentence)

• This is.
• Raju's book.
• His kite.
• My name.
• Ravi is.
• The sky.
• Sudha reads.
• That is.
• He is.

✅ Sentence (বাক্য) (Is a Sentence)

• This is a fan.
• That is Raju's book.
• His kite is black.
• My name is Ganesh.
• Ravi is a boy.
• The sky is blue.
• Sudha reads a book.
• That is a crow.
• He is a boy.

---

✍️ Exercise

Answer the following questions. (নীচের প্রশ্নগুলির উত্তর দাও) :

(a) Sentence বা বাক্য কাকে বলে? (What is a sentence called?)

Make complete sentences by arranging the following words in the correct order. (নীচের এলোমেলো শব্দগুলিকে সঠিকভাবে সাজিয়ে বাক্য গঠন করো) :

1. Scrambled: cow white the is. Correct: The cow is white.
2. Scrambled: a has dog legs four. Correct: A dog has four legs.
3. Scrambled: moon is the shining. Correct: The moon is shining.
4. Scrambled: cock the crowing is. Correct: The cock is crowing.
5. Scrambled: is orange this an. Correct: This is an orange.
6. Scrambled: blue sky is the. Correct: The sky is blue.
7. Scrambled: grass the green is. Correct: The grass is green.

---

AN IDEAL FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR, TRANSLATION & COMPOSITION

Page 26

3. Tick (✓) which of the following are sentences and (x) which not. 📝

(নীচের বাক্যগুলিতে যেগুলি বাক্য তার পাশে (✓) চিহ্ন আর যেগুলি বাক্য নয় তার (x) চিহ্ন দাও): ("Mark the sentences with (✓) and the non-sentences with (x)")

• (i) Kamal's book. [✗]
• (ii) That is a kite. [✓]
• (iii) This is a table. [✓]
• (iv) Near our school. [✗]
• (v) The room is big. [✓]
• (vi) It is a big fish. [✓]
• (vii) She is my sister. [✓]
• (viii) A big ox. [✗]
• (ix) He is a boy. [✓]
• (x) I have a dog. [✓]

4. Make sentences from the following table. 🛠️

(নীচে দেওয়া তালিকা থেকে নিয়ে বাক্য তৈরি করো): ("Make sentences from the table given below")

Subject	Verb	Article	Complement
Sovan	is	a	good boy.
			idle boy.
	is not		smart boy.
		an	honest boy.
			hard working boy.
			good student.

5. Make sentences with the following words. ✍️

(নীচের word গুলি দিয়ে তৈরি করো): ("Make sentences using the words given below")

• Go
• Come
• Dog
• Cat
• bring
• Cry
• Like
• Eat
• Give
• Sleep
• Write
• Run
• See