Lesson 11: ARTICLES (আর্টিকেলস্) নির্দেশক পদ 📝

💡 In the English language, to refer to and write any Common Noun in the Singular Number, 'a' or 'an' must be used before it. When referring to an indefinite person or thing, 'a' or 'an' is used. However, when referring to something definite, 'The' is used before the Noun. These three Words – A, An, and The – are called Articles or নির্দেশক পদ (indicator words) in English Grammar. For example:

• A boy. – একটি বালক। (A boy of any kind)
• The boy. – ছেলেটি। (A specific boy)
• An ass. – একটি গাধা। (An ass of any kind)
• The ass. – গাধাটি। (A specific ass)

📚 Types of Articles:

• These Articles are of two types:
  1. Indefinite (ইনডেফিনিট) – অনির্দিষ্ট (Indefinite)
  2. Definite (ডেফিনিট) – নির্দিষ্ট (Definite)

📌 Indefinite Articles:

The Word used to refer to any one person or any one thing is called an Indefinite Article. A and An are used to refer to any indefinite person, thing, or animal, and are therefore called Indefinite Articles.

For example:

• A book. – একটি বই।
• A clock. – একটি ঘড়ি।
• A dog. – একটি কুকুর।
• An ant. – একটি পিপীলিকা।
• An ox. – একটি ষাঁড়।
• An egg. – একটি ডিম।

🎯 Definite Articles:

The Word 'The' is called a Definite Article because it clarifies and makes something specific.

For example:

• Give me the pen. – আমাকে কলমটি দাও।
• This is the book. – এটা সেই বইটি।
• The dog is under the table. – কুকুরটি (হয়) টেবিলটির নীচে।

✨ মনে রেখো (Remember):

A, An, and The are actually Adjectives. However, these words are called Articles. An Article is not a separate part of speech; they belong to Adjectives and, like Adjectives, sit before a Noun. There are special rules in English Grammar about which Noun 'A' will precede, and which Noun 'An' will precede.